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Electric sail
An electric sail (also called electric solar wind sail or E-Sail) is a proposed form of spacecraft propulsion using the dynamic pressure of the solar wind as a source of thrust. It creates a "virtual" sail by using small wires to form an electric field that deflects solar wind protons and extracts their momentum. It was invented by Pekka Janhunen from Finland in 2006 at the .〔(ELECTRIC SAIL FOR PRODUCING SPACECRAFT PROPULSION )〕
== Development history ==
To test the technology, a new European Union-backed electric sail study project was announced by the FMI in December 2010.〔(EU project to build Electric Solar Wind Sail )〕 The EU funding contribution is 1.7 million euros. Its goal is to build laboratory prototypes of the key components. The E-Sail research project involved five European countries and ended in November 2013.〔(Electric Solar Wind Sail EU FP7 project )〕 In the EU evaluation, the project got the highest marks in its category.〔(Electric solar wind sail spacecraft propulsion )〕 The technology could enable faster and cheaper access to the Solar System, and in the longer run may enable an economic utilisation of asteroid mining. The working principles of the electric sail underwent testing in 2013 on the Estonian ESTCube-1, to be followed in autumn 2015 on the Finnish Aalto-1 nanosatellites.〔(EU project to build Electric Solar Wind Sail )〕〔(Eesti esimene satelliit on valmimas )〕
An international research team that includes Janhunen received funding through a 2015 NAIC Phase II solicitation for further development at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. Their research project is called 'Heliopause Electrostatic Rapid Transit System' (HERTS).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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